Which assessment finding could indicate a complication from an abdominal surgery?

• A. Abdominal distension
• B. Decreased appetite
• C. Normal bowel sounds
• D. Reduced urination

Answer: (A)

Abdominal distension is a significant assessment finding that can indicate a complication following abdominal surgery. This symptom often suggests that there may be an obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract or impaired motility, which can occur after surgical procedures due to factors like adhesions or ileus. It reflects the accumulation of gas or fluid in the intestines, impacting the patient's ability to digest and absorb nutrients as well as potentially leading to further complications such as perforation or infection.

In the context of post-surgical assessment, while decreased appetite may be common due to pain or the effects of anesthesia, it is not as specific an indicator of a complication as abdominal distension. Normal bowel sounds are typically a positive sign of gastrointestinal recovery and activity, suggesting that there are no immediate complications related to bowel function. Reduced urination, although it may be concerning, can stem from several factors unrelated to the surgical procedure itself, such as dehydration or pre-existing conditions, making it less indicative of a surgical complication compared to the direct evidence of abdominal distension.