What vital sign change would most concern a nurse monitoring a patient who recently underwent surgery?

• A. Respiratory rate of 20
• B. Temperature elevation to 100.9°F
• C. Heart rate of 95
• D. Blood pressure of 100/81

Answer: (B)

Monitoring vital signs after surgery is crucial for the early detection of potential complications. Among the options provided, a temperature elevation to 100.9°F is particularly concerning because it may indicate the presence of an infection or other postoperative complications. After surgery, it is normal for patients to experience some degree of elevation in temperature due to inflammatory responses; however, a temperature above 100.4°F can warrant further investigation. This is especially important in the postoperative setting, where infections at the surgical site or respiratory issues could be developing.

In contrast, a respiratory rate of 20 falls within the normal range for adults and does not indicate immediate distress. A heart rate of 95 is also typically acceptable and may simply reflect the body’s response to surgery, especially if there is pain or anxiety. Blood pressure of 100/81 is within a normal range and, although it might be slightly on the lower side for some individuals, it does not immediately signal a concern without additional context such as the patient's baseline stats or other signs of shock.

Given these considerations, the elevation in temperature serves as a significant red flag that necessitates further assessment and intervention, making it the vital sign change that would be of most concern to a nurse monitoring a patient post-surgery.