What should the nurse instruct a patient regarding the care of their surgical incision?

• A. Keep it clean and dry, and watch for signs of infection
• B. Apply ointment and cover it tightly
• C. Leave it uncovered to air it out
• D. Change the dressing every hour

Answer: (A)

Instructing a patient to keep their surgical incision clean and dry while watching for signs of infection is crucial for proper healing. This instruction emphasizes the importance of maintaining hygiene at the incision site, which helps to prevent contamination and reduces the risk of infection. Patients should be encouraged to clean the area gently and ensure it remains dry, as moisture can promote bacterial growth and complicate healing.

Additionally, monitoring for signs of infection—such as increased redness, swelling, warmth, or discharge—empowers patients to recognize potential issues early and seek medical care when necessary. This proactive approach ensures that complications are addressed promptly, thus promoting overall recovery.

The other options do not support optimal care for a surgical incision. Applying ointment and covering it tightly may trap moisture, which can cause infections. Leaving the incision uncovered could expose it to dirt and bacteria, leading to complications. Changing the dressing every hour is unnecessary in most cases, as excessive handling of the incision can actually increase the risk of infection and irritation. Overall, the first choice encompasses the best practice for incision care post-surgery.